Organophosphate (OP) compounds consist of most poisonous chemicals and are being employed in agriculture to cope with pests. Some of them are also used as ectoparasiticides to cure certain diseases. It was reported that OP insecticides leave destructive impacts on many organs and systems1,2. Dimethoate (DM), which is the most significant OP insecticide, is extensively used against pests. According to some investigations, DM toxicity leads towards oxidative stress by generating free radicals and persuade hepatic lipid peroxidation in rat3, guinea pig4, rabbit5 and mice6. Like OPs, the DM, restrains the AChE activity in which acetylcholine accumulates and inhibits the normal transmission of nerve impulses causing continuous stimulation of the muscles, glands and the CNS which ultimately leads towards death7.
These issues can be handled by using medicinal plants having natural antioxidants because of which oxidative damage (caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) gets sluggish. Achillea biebersteinii (Ab) is one of the vital medicinal plants which are utilized globally. It is extensively utilized in Yemeni’s folk medication as analgesic, antipyretic, against diarrhea and flatulence as well as for liver ailments. Their extracts possess pharmacological attributes including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, diuretic, against diarrhea, hypoglycemic, anthelmintic and anti-bacterial remedies8,9. Currently, Varasteh-Kojourian and colleagues10 reported that Ab extracts exhibit amazing antioxidant activity. Therefore, it can be stated that plant extracts possess a huge potential against oxidative stress produced by pesticide intoxication.
Accordingly, Yahya Saleh Al-Awthan and team performed an experiment to investigate the potential of Achillea biebersteinii (Ab) against DM disastrous impacts on the liver of guinea pigs In this experiment, scientists administrated the animals with Ab aqueous extract (50 and 100 mg kg–1 b.wt., orally) or silymarin (100 mg kg–1 b.wt., orally) for two weeks followed by single acute DM administration (80 mg kg–1 b.wt., 1/4 of the LD50 orally). Later, data was examined through one-way ANOVA using SPSS.
Scientists noted that; treatment of affected pig’s liver with Ab extract considerably reduced the DM induced serum levels of hepatic marker enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP). Histopathological examination of liver also exhibited that Ab extract decreased the occurrence of lesions such as the swelling of cells, lymphocytes infiltration, nucleus fragmentation and condensation and necrosis; produced due to DM exposure. Therefore, Yahya Saleh Al-Awthan and colleagues concluded that Ab aqueous extract could guard the liver as a result of DM-induced oxidative damage. This study will help to cure the victims of pesticides exclusively Dimethoate (DM), more effectively.
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17 November, 2019