Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal was born on 9 November 1877 in Punjab’s city Sialkot in an ethnic Kashmiri family, Allama Iqbal was a South Asian Muslim writer, philosopher, and politician, Allama Iqbal’s poetry in the Urdu language is among the greatest of the 20th century, had a vision of a cultural and political ideal for the Muslims of British-ruled India was to animate the impulse for Pakistan. He is commonly referred to by the honorific Allama, Allama Iqbal’s father, Sheikh Noor Muhammad was a tailor by profession, not formally educated, but a very religious man and his mother was Imam Bibi, She was described as a polite and humble woman who helped the poor and her neighbours with their problems.
When Iqbal was 4 years old his father sent him to a mosque to receive instruction in reading the Qur’an, Iqbal matriculated from Scotch Mission College in Sialkot in 1895, Iqbal received an Intermediate level with the Faculty of Arts diploma in 1895, The same year he enrolled at Government College University, where he obtained his Bachelor of Arts in philosophy, English literature and Arabic in 1897 He won the Khan Bahadurddin F.S. Jalaluddin medal as he performed well in Arabic, In 1899, Iqbal received his Master of Arts degree from the same college and won first place in philosophy in the University of the Punjab and thereafter he studied in England and Germany, He established a law practice after returning, he concentrated primarily on writing scholarly works on politics, economics, history, philosophy, and religion.
Alama Iqbal married for 3 times first marriage was in 1895, when he was 18 years old with Karim Bibi, 2nd marriage was with Mukhtar Begum, and after the death of his 2nd wife he married with Sardar Begum. Allama Iqbal in Iran, where he is known as Iqbāl-e-Lāhorī (Iqbal of Lahore), he is highly regarded for his Persian works, He was a strong proponent of the political and spiritual revival of Islamic civilisation across the globe, but in particular in South Asia; a series of lectures he delivered to this effect were published as The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam.
Allama Iqbal first became interested in national affairs in his youth, He received considerable recognition from the Punjabi elite after his return from England in 1908, and he was closely associated with Mian Muhammad Shafi, When the All-India Muslim League was expanded to the provincial level, and Mian Muhammad Shafi received a significant role in the structural organisation of the Punjab Muslim League, Iqbal was made one of the first 3 joint secretaries along with Shaikh Abdul Aziz and Maulvi Mahbub Alam, While dividing his time between law practice and poetry, Iqbal remained active in the Muslim League.
He did not support Indian involvement in World War I and stayed in close touch with Muslim political leaders such as Mohammad Ali Jouhar and Muhammad Ali Jinnah, He was a strong critic of the mainstream Indian National Congress, which he regarded as dominated by Hindus, and was disappointed with the Muslim League when, during the 1920s, it was absorbed in factional divides between the pro-British group led by Shafi and the centrist group led by Jinnah, He was active in the Khilafat Movement and was among the founding fathers of Jamia Millia Islamia which was established at Aligarh in October 1920, Iqbal was also given the offer of being the first vice-chancellor of Jamia Millia Islamia by Mahatma Gandhi, which he declined.
Allama Iqbal convinced Jinnah to end his self-imposed exile in London, and return to India and take charge of the Muslim League, He strongly believed that Jinnah was the only leader capable of drawing Indian Muslims to the Muslim League and maintaining party unity before the British and the Congress, Allama Iqbal wrote to Jinnah that “I know you are a busy man, but I do hope you won’t mind my writing to you often, as you are the only Muslim in India today to whom the community has right to look up for safe guidance through the storm which is coming to North-West India and, perhaps, to the whole of India” In the All India Muslim League, Allama Iqbal envisioned in his 1930 presidential address a separate political framework for Muslims in British-ruled India.
Allama Iqbal was the first patron of Tolu-e-Islam, a historical, political, religious and cultural journal of the Muslims of British India, He wanted a journal to propagate his ideas and the aims and objectives of the All India Muslim League. In 1935, As per to his instructions, Syed Nazeer Niazi initiated and edited the journal, named after Iqbal’s poem “Tulu’i Islam”, Niazi dedicated the first issue of the journal to Iqbal, The journal would play an important role in the Pakistan movement.
Allama Iqbal is best known for his poetic works, including Asrar-e-Khudi—which brought a knighthood—Rumuz-e-Bekhudi, and the Bang-e-Dara.
After the creation of Pakistan in 1947, Allama Iqbal was named the national poet of Pakistan.
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *
